witchcraft 音标拼音: [w'ɪtʃkr
, æft]
n . 巫术,魔法,魔力
巫术,魔法,魔力
witchcraft n 1 :
the art of sorcery [
synonym : {
witchcraft }, {
witchery }]
Wicca \
Wic "
ca \ (
w [
i ^]
k "
k [.
a ]),
prop .
n . [
OE .
wicche wizard ,
AS .
wicce ,
fem .,
wicca ,
masc .;
see also {
witch }
and {
wicked }.]
1 .
A religion derived from pre -
Christian times ,
also called {
Witchcraft }[
4 ],
which practices a benevolent reverence for nature ,
and recognizes two deities ,
variously viewed as Mother &
Father ,
Goddess &
God ,
Female &
Male ,
etc .;
its practitioners are called Wiccans ,
Wiccas ,
or witches .
Since there is no central authority to propagate dogma ,
the beliefs and practices of Wiccans vary significantly .
[
PJC ]
Encouraged by court rulings recognizing witchcraft as a legal religion ,
an increasing number of books related to the subject ,
and the continuing cultural concern for the environment ,
Wicca --
as contemporary witchcraft is often called --
has been growing in the United States and abroad .
It is a major element in the expanding "
neo -
pagan "
movement whose members regard nature itself as charged with divinity . --
Gustav Niebuhr (
N .
Y .
Times ,
Oct .
31 ,
1999 ,
p .
1 )
[
PJC ]
"
I don '
t worship Satan ,
who I don '
t think exists ,
but I do pray to the Goddess of Creation ."
said Margot S .
Adler ,
a New York correspondent for National Public Radio and a Wiccan practitioner .
"
Wicca is not anti -
Christian or pro -
Christian ,
it '
s pre -
Christian ." --
Anthony Ramirez (
N .
Y .
Times Aug .
22 ,
1999 ,
p .
wk 2 )
[
PJC ]
Note :
Wicca is a ditheistic religion ,
also called Witchcraft ,
founded on the beliefs and doctrines of pre -
Roman Celts ,
including the reverence for nature and the belief in a universal balance .
Though frequently practiced in covens ,
solitary practitioners do exist .
The modern form of the religion was popularized in 1954 by Gerald Gardener '
s Witchcraft Today .
It is viewed as a form of neo -
paganism .
Wicca recognizes two deities ,
visualized as Mother &
Father ,
Goddess &
God ,
Female &
Male ,
etc .
These dieties are nameless ,
but many Wiccans adopt a name with which they refer to the two :
Diana is a popular name for the Goddess to take ,
among others such as Artemis ,
Isis ,
Morrigan ,
etc .
Some of her symbols are :
the moon ;
the ocean ;
a cauldron ;
and the labrys (
two -
headed axe ),
among others .
The God is of equal power to the Goddess ,
and takes on names such as Apollo ,
Odin ,
Lugh ,
etc .
A small number of his symbols are :
the sun ;
the sky ;
a horn (
or two horns );
and others .
Witchcraft is not a Christian denomination ;
there is no devil in its mythos ,
thus the devil cannot be worshiped ,
and the medieval view of Witches as Satan -
worshipers is erroneous .
Satanists are not Witches and Witches are not Satanists .
Both have a tendency to be offended when the two are confused .
In the Wiccan religion male Witches are not "
Warlocks ".
The term Warlock comes from Scottish ,
meaning '
oathbreaker ', '
traitor ',
or '
devil '.
Its application to male witches is of uncertain origin .
The Wiccan Rede , "
An it harm none ,
do what thou wilt "
comes in many variations .
All of them say the same thing , "
Do as you wish ,
just don '
t do anything to harm anyone ."
It is implied that '
anyone '
includes one '
s self .
Witches practice in groups called Covens or as solitary practitioners ,
and some practice "
magic ",
which is to say ,
they pray .
Since the one rule that Witches have requires that they can not do harm ,
harmful magic does not exist in Wicca .
In Wicca , "
magic "
is simply subtly altering small things ,
to gain a desired effect .
Wicca ,
sometimes called Neo -
Witchcraft ,
was revived in the 1950s ,
when the last laws against Witchcraft were repealed .
Gerald Gardner founded Gardnerian Wicca sometime after his book ,
Witchcraft Today ,
was published in 1954 .
Raymond Buckland ,
in America ,
did much the same that Gardner did in Europe --
stood up to the misconceptions about Witchcraft .
Two other books describing the modern practice of Wicca are :
Wicca :
A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner ,
by Scott Cunningham ,
Llewellyn Publications ,
1988 .
Buckland '
s Complete Book of Witchcraft ,
by Raymond Buckland ,
Llewellyn Publications ,
1975 .
A Web site devoted to elucidation of modern witchcraft is :
[
a href ="
http :]/
www .
witchvox .
com ">
Witchvox --
Cody Scott [
PJC ]
2 .
A practitioner of Wicca ,
also commonly called a {
Wiccan },
{
Wicca },
or {
witch } .
[
PJC ]
For at least one person who has seen "
The Blair Witch Project ",
the surprise hit movie of the summer did not so much terrify as infuriate .
One long slur against witches ,
said Selena Fox ,
a witch ,
or Wicca ,
as male and female American witches prefer to call themselves . --
Anthony Ramirez (
N .
Y .
Times ,
Aug .
22 ,
1999 ,
p .
wk 2 )
[
PJC ]
witchcraft \
witch "
craft `\ (
w [
i ^]
ch "
kr [
a ^]
ft ),
n . [
AS .
wiccecr [
ae ]
ft .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
The practices or art of witches .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Hence :
Sorcery ;
enchantments ;
intercourse with evil spirits .
[
1913 Webster PJC ]
3 .
Power more than natural ;
irresistible influence .
[
1913 Webster ]
He hath a witchcraft Over the king in '
s tongue . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Adherence to or the practice of {
Wicca }.
In this sense the term does not necessarily include attempts at practice of magic ,
other than by prayers to the deities .
[
PJC ]
43 Moby Thesaurus words for "
witchcraft ":
alchemy ,
allure ,
appeal ,
bewitchery ,
bewitchment ,
charisma ,
charm ,
divination ,
enchantment ,
fascination ,
fetishism ,
glamour ,
gramarye ,
hoodoo ,
incantation ,
juju ,
jujuism ,
magic ,
magnetism ,
natural magic ,
necromancy ,
obeah ,
rune ,
shamanism ,
sorcery ,
sortilege ,
spell ,
spellbinding ,
spellcasting ,
sympathetic magic ,
thaumaturgia ,
thaumaturgics ,
thaumaturgism ,
thaumaturgy ,
theurgy ,
vampirism ,
voodoo ,
voodooism ,
wanga ,
white magic ,
witchery ,
witchwork ,
wizardry
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